Galatians 4

What I am saying is that as long as an heir is underage, he is no different from a slave, although he owns the whole estate.

أَقُولُ أَيْضاً مَادَامَ الْوَرِيثُ قَاصِراً، فَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْعَبْدِ أَيُّ فَرْقٍ، مَعَ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُ الإِرْثِ كُلِّهِ،

The heir is subject to guardians and trustees until the time set by his father.

بَلْ يَبْقَى خَاضِعاً لِلأَوْصِيَاءِ وَالْوُكَلاءِ إِلَى أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ الْفَتْرَةُ الَّتِي حَدَّدَهَا أَبُوهُ.

So also, when we were underage, we were in slavery under the elemental spiritual forces^[a] of the world.

وَهذِهِ حَالُنَا نَحْنُ أَيْضاً: فَإِذْ كُنَّا قَاصِرِينَ، كُنَّا عَبِيداً لِمَبَادِىءِ الْعَالَمِ.

But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law,

وَلَكِنْ لَمَّا جَاءَ تَمَامُ الزَّمَانِ، أَرْسَلَ اللهُ ابْنَهُ، وَقَدْ وُلِدَ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ وَكَانَ خَاضِعاً لِلشَّرِيعَةِ،

to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption to sonship.^[b]

لِيُحَرِّرَ بِالْفِدَاءِ أُولئِكَ الْخَاضِعِينَ لِلشَّرِيعَةِ، فَنَنَالَ جَمِيعاً مَقَامَ أَبْنَاءِ اللهِ.

Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, “Abba,^[c] Father.”

وَبِمَا أَنَّكُمْ أَبْنَاءٌ لَهُ، أَرْسَلَ اللهُ إِلَى قُلُوبِنَا رُوحَ ابْنِهِ، مُنَادِياً: «أَبَا، يَا أَبَانَا».

So you are no longer a slave, but God’s child; and since you are his child, God has made you also an heir.

Paul’s Concern for the Galatians

إِذَنْ، أَنْتَ لَسْتَ عَبْداً بَعْدَ الآنَ، بَلْ أَنْتَ ابْنٌ. وَمَادُمْتَ ابْناً، فَقَدْ جَعَلَكَ اللهُ وَرِيثاً أَيْضاً.

قلق بولس على كنيسة غلاطية

Formerly, when you did not know God, you were slaves to those who by nature are not gods.

وَلَكِنْ، لَمَّا كُنْتُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْحِينِ لَا تَعْرِفُونَ اللهَ، كُنْتُمْ فِي حَالِ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ.

But now that you know God—or rather are known by God—how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable forces^[d]? Do you wish to be enslaved by them all over again?

أَمَّا الآنَ وَقَدْ عَرَفْتُمُ اللهَ، بَلْ بِالأَحْرَى عَرَفَكُمُ اللهُ، فَكَيْفَ تَرْتَدُّونَ أَيْضاً إِلَى تِلْكَ الْمَبَادِئِ الْعَاجِزَةِ الْفَقِيرَةِ الَّتِي تَرْغَبُونَ فِي الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى الْعُبُودِيَّةِ لَهَا مِنْ جَدِيدٍ؟

You are observing special days and months and seasons and years!

تَحْتَفِلُونَ بِأَيَّامٍ وَأَشْهُرٍ وَمَوَاسِمَ وَسِنِينَ!

I fear for you, that somehow I have wasted my efforts on you.

أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ، خَشْيَةَ أَنْ أَكُونَ قَدْ تَعِبْتُ مِنْ أَجْلِكُمْ بِلا جَدْوَى.

I plead with you, brothers and sisters, become like me, for I became like you. You did me no wrong.

أُنَاشِدُكُمْ أَيُّهَا الإِخْوَةُ، أَنْ تَكُونُوا مِثْلِي، لأَنِّي أَنَا أَيْضاً مِثْلُكُمْ. أَنْتُمْ لَمْ تَظْلِمُونِي بِشَيْءٍ،

As you know, it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you,

بَلْ تَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّنِي فِي عِلَّةٍ بِالْجَسَدِ بَشَّرْتُكُمْ أَوَّلَ الأَمْرِ؛

and even though my illness was a trial to you, you did not treat me with contempt or scorn. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus himself.

وَمَعَ أَنَّ الْعِلَّةَ الَّتِي فِي جَسَدِي كَانَتْ تَجْرِبَةً لَكُمْ، فَإِنَّكُمْ لَمْ تَحْتَقِرُونِي وَلَمْ تَنْفُرُوا مِنِّي بِسَبَبِهَا، بَلْ قَبِلْتُمُونِي كَأَنِّي مَلاكٌ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهِ، أَوْ كَأَنِّي الْمَسِيحُ يَسُوعُ.

Where, then, is your blessing of me now? I can testify that, if you could have done so, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.

فَأَيْنَ فَرَحُكُمْ؟ فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ لَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ سَتَقْلَعُونَ عُيُونَكُمْ وَتُقَدِّمُونَهَا لِي، لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مُمْكِناً!

Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?

فَهَلْ صِرْتُ الآنَ عَدُوّاً لَكُمْ لأَنِّي كَلَّمْتُكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ؟

Those people are zealous to win you over, but for no good. What they want is to alienate you from us, so that you may have zeal for them.

إِنَّ أُولئِكَ (الْمُعَلِّمِينَ) يُظْهِرُونَ مِنْ نَحْوِكُمْ حَمَاسَةً، وَلَكِنَّهَا غَيْرُ صَادِقَةٍ، بَلْ هُمْ يَرْغَبُونَ فِي عَزْلِكُمْ عَنَّا،

It is fine to be zealous, provided the purpose is good, and to be so always, not just when I am with you.

لِكَيْ تَتَحَمَّسُوا لَهُمْ. جَميِلٌ إِظْهَارُ الْحَمَاسَةِ فِي مَا هُوَ حَقٌّ، كُلَّ حِينٍ، وَلَيْسَ فَقَطْ حِينَ أَكُونُ حَاضِراً عِنْدَكُمْ.

My dear children, for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,

يَا أَطْفَالِي الَّذِينَ أَتَمَخَّضُ بِكُمْ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى إِلَى أَنْ تَتَشَكَّلَ فِيكُمْ صُورَةُ الْمَسِيحِ.

how I wish I could be with you now and change my tone, because I am perplexed about you!

Hagar and Sarah

وَكَمْ أَوَدُّ لَوْ أَكُونُ الآنَ حَاضِراً عِنْدَكُمْ، فَأُخَاطِبَكُمْ بِغَيْرِ هذِهِ اللهْجَةِ، لأَنِّي مُتَحَيِّرٌ فِي أَمْرِكُمْ.

هاجر وسارة

Tell me, you who want to be under the law, are you not aware of what the law says?

قُولُوا لِي، يَا مَنْ تَرْغَبُونَ فِي الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى الْعُبُودِيَّةِ لِلشَّرِيعَةِ، أَلَسْتُمْ تَسْمَعُونَ مَا جَاءَ فِي الشَّرِيعَةِ؟

For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman.

فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كُتِبَ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كَانَ لَهُ ابْنَانِ: أَحَدُهُمَا مِنَ الْجَارِيَةِ، وَالآخَرُ مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ الْحُرَّةِ.

His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh, but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a divine promise.

أَمَّا ابْنُ الْجَارِيَةِ، فَقَدْ وُلِدَ حَسَبَ الْجَسَدِ. وَأَمَّا ابْنُ الْحُرَّةِ، فَإِتْمَاماً لِلْوَعْدِ.

These things are being taken figuratively: The women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar.

وَهذِهِ الْحَقِيقَةُ لَهَا مَعْنىً رَمْزِيٌّ. فَهَاتَانِ الْمَرْأَتَانِ تَرْمُزَانِ إِلَى عَهْدَيْنِ: الأَوَّلُ مَصْدَرُهُ جَبَلُ سِينَاءَ، يَجْعَلُ الْمَوْلُودِينَ تَحْتَهُ فِي حَالِ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ، وَرَمْزُهُ هَاجَرُ.

Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children.

وَلَفْظَةُ هَاجَرَ تُطْلَقُ عَلَى جَبَلِ سِينَاءَ، فِي بِلادِ الْعَرَبِ، وَتُمَثِّلُ أُورُشَلِيمَ الْحَالِيَّةَ، فَإِنَّهَا مَعَ بَنِيهَا فِي الْعُبُودِيَّةِ.

But the Jerusalem that is above is free, and she is our mother.

أَمَّا الثَّانِي، فَرَمْزُهُ الْحُرَّةُ الَّتِي تُمَثِّلُ أُورُشَلِيمَ السَّمَاوِيَّةَ الَّتِي هِيَ أُمُّنَا.

For it is written:

فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كُتِبَ: «افْرَحِي أَيَّتُهَا الْعَاقِرُ الَّتِي لَا تَلِدُ، اهْتِفِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِكِ أَيَّتُهَا الَّتِي لَا تَتَمَخَّضُ، لأَنَّ أَوْلادَ الْمَهْجُورَةِ أَكْثَرُ عَدَداً مِنْ أَوْلادِ الَّتِي لَهَا زَوْجٌ!»

Now you, brothers and sisters, like Isaac, are children of promise.

وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ، أَيُّهَا الإِخْوَةُ، فَأَوْلادُ الْوَعْدِ، عَلَى مِثَالِ إِسْحَاقَ.

At that time the son born according to the flesh persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit. It is the same now.

وَلَكِنْ، كَمَا كَانَ فِي الْمَاضِي الْمَوْلُودُ بِحَسَبِ الْجَسَدِ يَضْطَهِدُ الْمَوْلُودَ بِحَسَبِ الرُّوحِ، فَكَذَلِكَ أَيْضاً يَحْدُثُ الآنَ.

But what does Scripture say? “Get rid of the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with the free woman’s son.”^[f]

إِنَّمَا مَاذَا يَقُولُ الْكِتَابُ؟ «اطْرُدِ الْجَارِيَةَ وَابْنَهَا، لأَنَّ ابْنَ الْجَارِيَةِ لَا يَرِثُ مَعَ ابْنِ الْحُرَّةِ!»

Therefore, brothers and sisters, we are not children of the slave woman, but of the free woman.

إِذَنْ، أَيُّهَا الإِخْوَةُ، نَحْنُ لَسْنَا أَوْلادَ الْجَارِيَةِ، بَلْ أَوْلادُ الْحُرَّةِ.