Judges 18

In those days Israel had no king.

And in those days the tribe of the Danites was seeking a place of their own where they might settle, because they had not yet come into an inheritance among the tribes of Israel.

وَفِي تِلْكَ الأَيَّامِ عِنْدَمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى إِسْرَائِيلَ مَلِكٌ، شَرَعَ أَبْنَاءُ سِبْطِ دَانٍ يَبْحَثُونَ عَنْ مَكَانٍ يَسْتَوْطِنُونَ فِيهِ، لأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا قَدْ وَرِثُوا نَصِيبَهُمْ مِنَ الأَرْضِ بَعْدُ وَسَطَ أَسْبَاطِ إِسْرَائِيلَ.

So the Danites sent five of their leading men from Zorah and Eshtaol to spy out the land and explore it. These men represented all the Danites. They told them, “Go, explore the land.”

So they entered the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah, where they spent the night.

فَأَرْسَلَ الدَّانِيُّونَ خَمْسَةَ رِجَالٍ مِنْ سِبْطِهِمْ مِنْ ذَوِي الْبَأْسِ فِي مَدِينَتَيْ صُرْعَةَ وَأَشْتَأُولَ، لِتَجَسُّسِ الأَرْضِ وَاسْتِكْشَافِهَا، وَقَالُوا لَهُمْ: «انْطَلِقُوا وَاسْتَطْلِعُوا لَنَا الأَرْضَ» فَجَاءُوا إِلَى جَبَلِ أَفْرَايِمَ إِلَى بَيْتِ مِيخَا وَقَضَوْا لَيْلَتَهُمْ هُنَاكَ.

When they were near Micah’s house, they recognized the voice of the young Levite; so they turned in there and asked him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? Why are you here?”

وَعَرَفُوا مِنْ لَهْجَةِ كَاهِنِ مِيخَا أَنَّهُ مِنْ سِبْطِ لاوِي، فَانْتَحَوْا بِهِ جَانِباً وَسَأَلُوهُ: «مَنْ جَاءَ بِكَ إِلَى هُنَا، وَمَاذَا تَفْعَلُ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ؟ وَلِمَاذَا أَنْتَ هُنَا؟»

He told them what Micah had done for him, and said, “He has hired me and I am his priest.”

فَأَجَابَهُمْ: «كَذَا وَكَذَا صَنَعَ لِي مِيخَا، وَقَدِ اسْتَأْجَرَنِي فَأَصْبَحْتُ لَهُ كَاهِناً».

Then they said to him, “Please inquire of God to learn whether our journey will be successful.”

فَقَالُوا لَهُ: «اسْأَلْ إِذَنِ اللهَ لِنَعْلَمَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مُهِمَّتُنَا سَتُكَلَّلُ بِالنَّجَاحِ أَمْ لا».

The priest answered them, “Go in peace. Your journey has the Lord’s approval.”

فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الْكَاهِنُ: «اذْهَبُوا بِسَلامٍ فَطَرِيقُكُمُ الَّتِي تَسْلُكُونَهَا تَنْعَمُ بِرِعَايَةِ الرَّبِّ».

So the five men left and came to Laish, where they saw that the people were living in safety, like the Sidonians, at peace and secure. And since their land lacked nothing, they were prosperous.^[a] Also, they lived a long way from the Sidonians and had no relationship with anyone else.^[b]

فَمَضَى الرِّجَالُ الْخَمْسَةُ حَتَّى وَصَلُوا إِلَى لايِشَ، فَوَجَدُوا أَهْلَهَا الْصَّيْدُونِيِّينَ مُقِيمِينَ فِيهَا مُطْمَئِنِّينَ كَعَادَةِ الصَّيْدُونِيِّينَ، آمِنِينَ، لَا يُؤْذِيهِمْ أَحَدٌ فِي أَرْضِهِمْ، أَثْرِيَاءَ وَيَتَمَتَّعُونَ بِالاكْتِفَاءِ الذَّاتِيِّ، وَكَانُوا بَعِيدِينَ عَنِ الصَّيْدُونِيِّينَ، وَلَمْ يَعْقِدُوا أَحْلافاً مَعَ أَحَدٍ.

When they returned to Zorah and Eshtaol, their fellow Danites asked them, “How did you find things?”

فَعَادَ الرِّجَالُ الْخَمْسَةُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فِي صُرْعَةَ وَأَشْتَأُولَ، فَسَأَلُوهُمْ: «مَاذَا وَجَدْتُمْ؟»

They answered, “Come on, let’s attack them! We have seen the land, and it is very good. Aren’t you going to do something? Don’t hesitate to go there and take it over.

فَأَجَابُوهُمْ: «هَيَّا بِنَا نَهْجُمْ عَلَى أَهْلِ لايِشَ فَأَرْضُهُمْ خَصِيبَةٌ، فَمَا بَالُكُمْ مُتَقَاعِسُونَ؟ لَا تَتَكَاسَلُوا عَنِ الْهُجُومِ لامْتِلاكِ الأَرْضِ.

When you get there, you will find an unsuspecting people and a spacious land that God has put into your hands, a land that lacks nothing whatever.”

فَأَنْتُمْ عِنْدَمَا تُقْدِمُونَ عَلَيْهَا سَتَجِدُونَ قَوْماً مُطْمَئِنِّينَ فِي أَرْضٍ شَاسِعَةٍ. إِنَّ الرَّبَّ قَدْ وَهَبَهَا لَكُمْ وَهِيَ أَرْضٌ خَصِيبَةٌ لَا تَفْتَقِرُ إِلَى شَيْءٍ».

Then six hundred men of the Danites, armed for battle, set out from Zorah and Eshtaol.

فَارْتَحَلَ مِنْ صُرْعَةَ وَأَشْتَأُولَ سِتُّ مِئَةِ رَجُلٍ مُدَجَّجِينَ بِالسِّلاحِ مِنْ سِبْطِ دَانٍ.

On their way they set up camp near Kiriath Jearim in Judah. This is why the place west of Kiriath Jearim is called Mahaneh Dan^[c] to this day.

وَعَسْكَرُوا فِي قَرْيَةِ يَعَارِيمَ فِي يَهُوذَا، فَدُعِيَ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعُ مُخَيَّمَ دَانٍ إِلَى هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، وَهُوَ يَقَعُ وَرَاءَ قَرْيَةِ يَعَارِيمَ.

From there they went on to the hill country of Ephraim and came to Micah’s house.

وَاجْتَازُوا مِنْ هُنَاكَ إِلَى جَبَلِ أَفْرَايِمَ وَجَاءُوا إِلَى بَيْتِ مِيخَا.

Then the five men who had spied out the land of Laish said to their fellow Danites, “Do you know that one of these houses has an ephod, some household gods and an image overlaid with silver? Now you know what to do.”

فَقَالَ الرِّجَالُ الْخَمْسَةُ الَّذِينَ ذَهَبُوا لاِسْتِكْشَافِ أَرْضِ لايِشَ لِقَوْمِهِمْ: «أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ فِي هَذِهِ الْبُيُوتِ أَفُوداً وَتَرَافِيمَ وَتِمْثَالاً مَنْحُوتاً وَآخَرَ مَسْبُوكاً، فَانْظُرُوا مَاذَا تَفْعَلُونَ».

So they turned in there and went to the house of the young Levite at Micah’s place and greeted him.

فَاتَّجَهُوا نَحْوَ الْبُيُوتِ وَجَاءُوا إِلَى مَنْزِلِ الشَّابِّ اللّاوِيِّ فِي بَيْتِ مِيخَا وَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ.

The six hundred Danites, armed for battle, stood at the entrance of the gate.

وَبَقِيَ الرِّجَالُ الدَّانِيُّونَ الْمُسَلَّحُونَ السِّتُّ مِئَةٍ وَاقِفِينَ عِنْدَ مَدْخَلِ الْبَابِ

The five men who had spied out the land went inside and took the idol, the ephod and the household gods while the priest and the six hundred armed men stood at the entrance of the gate.

فَدَخَلَ الرِّجَالُ الْخَمْسَةُ الَّذِينَ ذَهَبُوا لاِسْتِكْشَافِ الأَرْضِ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ الْمَعْبَدِ، وَأَخَذُوا التِّمْثَالَيْنِ الْمَنْحُوتَ وَالْمَسْبُوكَ وَالأَفُودَ وَالتَّرَافِيمَ، بَيْنَمَا كَانَ الْكَاهِنُ وَاقِفاً عِنْدَ مَدْخَلِ الْبَابِ مَعَ السِّتِّ مِئَةِ رَجُلٍ الْمُدَجَّجِينَ بِالسِّلاحِ.

When the five men went into Micah’s house and took the idol, the ephod and the household gods, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”

وَإِذْ رَآهُمُ الْكَاهِنُ قَدْ دَخَلُوا بَيْتَ مِيخَا وَأَخَذُوا التِّمْثَالَيْنِ الْمَنْحُوتَ وَالْمَسْبُوكَ وَالأَفُودَ وَالتَّرَافِيمَ، سَأَلَهُمْ: «مَاذَا تَفْعَلُونَ؟»

They answered him, “Be quiet! Don’t say a word. Come with us, and be our father and priest. Isn’t it better that you serve a tribe and clan in Israel as priest rather than just one man’s household?”

فَقَالُوا لَهُ: «اصْمُتْ. لَا تَنْطِقْ بِكَلِمَةٍ. تَعَالَ مَعَنَا وَكُنْ لَنَا مُرْشِداً وَكَاهِناً. أَيُّهُمَا خَيْرٌ لَكَ: أَنْ تَكُونَ كَاهِناً لِبَيْتِ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، أَمْ تَكُونَ كَاهِناً لِسِبْطٍ وَعَشِيرَةٍ فِي إِسْرَائِيلَ؟»

The priest was very pleased. He took the ephod, the household gods and the idol and went along with the people.

فَاغْتَبَطَ قَلْبُ الْكَاهِنِ لِلأَمْرِ، وَأَخَذَ الأَفُودَ وَالتَّرَافِيمَ وَالتِّمْثَالَ الْمَنْحُوتَ وَانْضَمَّ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ.

Putting their little children, their livestock and their possessions in front of them, they turned away and left.

ثُمَّ انْطَلَقُوا فِي طَرِيقِهِمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ جَعَلُوا أَطْفَالَهُمْ وَمَوَاشِيَهُمْ وَمَؤُونَتَهُمْ فِي الطَّلِيعَةِ.

When they had gone some distance from Micah’s house, the men who lived near Micah were called together and overtook the Danites.

وَلَمَّا ابْتَعَدُوا عَنْ بَيْتِ مِيخَا تَجَمَّعَ رِجَالُ الْحَيِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ بَيْتُ مِيخَا وَتَعَقَّبُوا أَبْنَاءَ دَانٍ حَتَّى أَدْرَكُوهُمْ.

As they shouted after them, the Danites turned and said to Micah, “What’s the matter with you that you called out your men to fight?”

وَصَاحُوا بِهِمْ، فَسَأَلَ الدَّانِيُّونَ مِيخَا: «مَالَكَ تَصْرُخُ؟ وَمَاذَا يُزْعِجُكَ حَتَّى تَعَقَّبْتَنَا بِهَذِهِ الشِّرْذِمَةِ مِنَ الْمُحَارِبِينَ؟»

He replied, “You took the gods I made, and my priest, and went away. What else do I have? How can you ask, ‘What’s the matter with you?’”

فَأَجَابَ: «لَقَدْ أَخَذْتُمْ آلِهَتِي الَّتِي صَنَعْتُهَا، وَكَذَلِكَ الْكَاهِنَ، وَمَضَيْتُمْ. فَمَاذَا بَقِيَ لِي؟ فَكَيْفَ تَسْأَلُونَنِي: مَالَكَ؟»

The Danites answered, “Don’t argue with us, or some of the men may get angry and attack you, and you and your family will lose your lives.”

فَقَالَ لَهُ الدَّانِيُّونَ: «لا تَرْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ بَيْنَنَا لِئَلّا تُثِيرَ غَضَبَ رِجَالٍ أَفْظَاظِ الطِّبَاعِ فَيُهَاجِمُوكَ وَيَقْتُلُوكَ مَعَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ».

So the Danites went their way, and Micah, seeing that they were too strong for him, turned around and went back home.

وَانْطَلَقَ الدَّانِيُّونَ فِي طَرِيقِهِمْ. وَلَمَّا رَأَى مِيخَا أَنَّهُمْ أَقْوَى مِنْ أَنْ يَتَغَلَّبَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ.

Then they took what Micah had made, and his priest, and went on to Laish, against a people at peace and secure. They attacked them with the sword and burned down their city.

أَمَّا الدَّانِيُّونَ فَقَدْ أَقْبَلُوا إِلَى لايِشَ وَمَعَهُمْ أَصْنَامُ مِيخَا وَالْكَاهِنُ، فَوَجَدُوا شَعْبَهَا آمِناً مُطْمَئِنّاً مُسَالِماً، فَهَاجَمُوهَا وَقَتَلُوا أَهْلَهَا بِحَدِّ السَّيْفِ وَأَحْرَقُوهَا.

There was no one to rescue them because they lived a long way from Sidon and had no relationship with anyone else. The city was in a valley near Beth Rehob.

The Danites rebuilt the city and settled there.

وَلَمْ يَهُبَّ أَحَدٌ لِإِنْقَاذِهَا لأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ بَعِيدَةً عَنْ صِيدُونَ، وَلَمْ يَعْقِدْ أَهْلُهَا أَحْلافاً مَعَ أَحَدٍ. وَكَانَتِ الْمَدِينَةُ تَقَعُ فِي الْوَادِي الَّذِي فِيهِ بَيْتُ رَحُوبَ. وَأَعَادَ الدَّانِيُّونَ بِنَاءَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَأَقَامُوا فِيهَا،

They named it Dan after their ancestor Dan, who was born to Israel—though the city used to be called Laish.

وَدَعَوْهَا دَاناً بِاسْمِ دَانٍ أَبِيهِمْ الَّذِي أَنْجَبَهُ إِسْرَائِيلُ، أَمَّا اسْمُهَا الْقَدِيمُ فَكَانَ لايِشَ.

There the Danites set up for themselves the idol, and Jonathan son of Gershom, the son of Moses,^[d] and his sons were priests for the tribe of Dan until the time of the captivity of the land.

وَنَصَبَ أَبْنَاءُ دَانٍ لأَنْفُسِهِمِ التِّمْثَالَ الْمَنْحُوتَ، وَظَلَّ يَهُونَاثَانُ ابْنُ جَرْشُومَ بْنِ مَنَسَّى وَبَنُوهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ كَهَنَةً لِسِبْطِ الدَّانِيِّينَ إِلَى يَوْمِ سَبْيِ الْبِلادِ.

They continued to use the idol Micah had made, all the time the house of God was in Shiloh.

وَنَصَبُوا تِمْثَالَ مِيخَا الْمَنْحُوتَ الَّذِي صَنَعَهُ، طَوَالَ الْحِقْبَةِ الَّتِي كَانَ فِيهَا بَيْتُ اللهِ فِي شِيلُوهَ.