Deuteronomy 22

If you see your fellow Israelite’s ox or sheep straying, do not ignore it but be sure to take it back to its owner.

إِنْ رَأَيْتَ ثَوْرَ جَارِكَ أَوْ خَرُوفَهُ شَارِداً، فَلا تَتَغَاضَ عَنْهُ. بَلْ أَعِدْهُ حَتْماً إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ.

If they do not live near you or if you do not know who owns it, take it home with you and keep it until they come looking for it. Then give it back.

وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَاحِبُهُ مُقِيماً قَرِيباً مِنْكَ، أَوْ لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ، فَاحْتَفِظْ بِهِ فِي بَيْتِكَ حَتَّى يَطْلُبَهُ صَاحِبُهُ فَتَرُدَّهُ إِلَيْهِ.

Do the same if you find their donkey or cloak or anything else they have lost. Do not ignore it.

وَهَكَذَا تَفْعَلُ إِذَا عَثَرْتَ عَلَى حِمَارِ جَارِكَ أَوْ ثِيَابِهِ، أَوْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ مَفْقُودٍ تَجِدُهُ. لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَغَاضَى عَنْهُ.

If you see your fellow Israelite’s donkey or ox fallen on the road, do not ignore it. Help the owner get it to its feet.

لَا تَتَغَافَلْ عَنْ إِعَانَةِ جَارِكَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ حِمَارَهُ أَوْ ثَوْرَهُ وَاقِعاً فِي الطَّرِيقِ بَلْ هُبَّ لِتُعَاوِنَهُ وَلِتُقِيمَهُ مَعَهُ.

A woman must not wear men’s clothing, nor a man wear women’s clothing, for the Lord your God detests anyone who does this.

يُحْظَرُ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ ارْتِدَاءُ ثِيَابِ الرِّجَالِ، كَمَا يُحْظَرُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ ارْتِدَاءُ ثِيَابِ النِّسَاءِ، لأَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ يُصْبِحُ مَكْرُوهاً لَدَى الرَّبِّ إِلَهِكُمْ.

If you come across a bird’s nest beside the road, either in a tree or on the ground, and the mother is sitting on the young or on the eggs, do not take the mother with the young.

إِنِ اتَّفَقَ أَنْ رَأَيْتَ عُشَّ طَائِرٍ عَلَى جَانِبِ الأَرْضِ أَوْ عَلَى شَجَرَةٍ مَا أَوْ مُلْقىً عَلَى الأَرْضِ فِيهِ أُمٌّ تَحْتَضِنُ فِرَاخاً، أَوْ تَرْقُدُ عَلَى بَيْضٍ، فَلا تَأْخُذِ الأُمَّ مَعَ الأَوْلادِ.

You may take the young, but be sure to let the mother go, so that it may go well with you and you may have a long life.

أَطْلِقِ الأُمَّ وَخُذِ الْفِرَاخَ لِنَفْسِكَ، فَيَكُونَ لَكَ خَيْرٌ وَتُطِيلَ أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِكَ.

When you build a new house, make a parapet around your roof so that you may not bring the guilt of bloodshed on your house if someone falls from the roof.

إِذَا بَنَيْتَ بَيْتاً جَدِيداً، فَابْنِ سِيَاجاً حَوْلَ بَيْتِكَ، لِئَلّا يَسْقُطَ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ فَتَتَحَمَّلَ ذَنْبَ دَمِهِ.

Do not plant two kinds of seed in your vineyard; if you do, not only the crops you plant but also the fruit of the vineyard will be defiled.^[a]

لَا تَزْرَعْ حَقْلَكَ صِنْفَيْنِ مِنَ الْبُذُورِ، لأَنَّكَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ يُصْبِحُ مَحْصُولُ نَوْعَيِ الزَّرْعِ مُقَدَّساً مِنْ نَصِيبِ الْكَهَنَةِ.

Do not plow with an ox and a donkey yoked together.

لَا تَحْرُثْ عَلَى ثَوْرٍ وَحِمَارٍ مَعاً،

Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.

وَلا تَلْبَسْ ثَوْباً مَصْنُوعاً مِنْ كَتَّانٍ وَصُوفٍ مَعاً.

Make tassels on the four corners of the cloak you wear.

Marriage Violations

اصْنَعُوا أَهْدَاباً مَجْدُولَةً عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَطْرَافِ الأَثْوَابِ الَّتِي تَتَغَطَّوْنَ بِها.

انتهاك شريعة الزواج

If a man takes a wife and, after sleeping with her, dislikes her

إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ فَتَاةٍ، ثُمَّ بَعْدَ أَنْ عَاشَرَهَا أَبْغَضَهَا،

and slanders her and gives her a bad name, saying, “I married this woman, but when I approached her, I did not find proof of her virginity,”

وَاتَّهَمَهَا بِمَا يَشِينُهَا، وأَشَاعَ عَنْهَا مَا يُسِيءُ إِلَى سُمْعَتِهَا قَائِلاً: لَقَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةَ، وَلَمَّا عَاشَرْتُهَا، اكْتَشَفْتُ أَنَّهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ عَذْرَاءَ.

then the young woman’s father and mother shall bring to the town elders at the gate proof that she was a virgin.

يَأْخُذُهَا وَالِدَاهَا إِلَى شُيُوخِ الْمَدِينَةِ الْمُجْتَمِعِينَ فِي سَاحَةِ الْقَضَاءِ، وَيَعْرِضَانِ دَلِيلَ عَذْرَاوِيَّتِهَا.

Her father will say to the elders, “I gave my daughter in marriage to this man, but he dislikes her.

وَيَقُولُ وَالِدُ الْفَتَاةِ لِلشُّيُوخِ: لَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ مِنِ ابْنَتِي فَأَبْغَضَهَا.

Now he has slandered her and said, ‘I did not find your daughter to be a virgin.’ But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity.” Then her parents shall display the cloth before the elders of the town,

وَهَا هُوَ يُرَوِّجُ عَنْهَا أَخْبَاراً قَائِلاً: لَمْ تَكُنِ ابْنَتُكَ عَذْرَاءَ عِنْدَمَا عَاشَرْتُهَا. وَلَكِنْ هَذَا هُوَ دَلِيلُ عَذْرَاوِيَّةِ ابْنَتِي. وَيَبْسُطَانِ الثَّوْبَ أَمَامَ شُيُوخِ الْمَدِينَةِ.

and the elders shall take the man and punish him.

فَيَأْخُذُ شُيُوخُ تِلْكَ الْمَدِينَةِ الرَّجُلَ وَيُؤَدِّبُونَهُ،

They shall fine him a hundred shekels^[b] of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, because this man has given an Israelite virgin a bad name. She shall continue to be his wife; he must not divorce her as long as he lives.

وَيَفْرِضُونَ عَلَيْهِ غَرَامَةً مِقْدَارُهَا مِئَةُ قِطْعَةٍ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ، يُعْطُونَهَا لأَبِي الْفَتَاةِ. لأَنَّهُ أَسَاءَ إِلَى سُمْعَةِ عَذْرَاءَ مِنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، فَتَكُونُ لَهُ زَوْجَةً مَدَى حَيَاتِهِ، لَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا.

If, however, the charge is true and no proof of the young woman’s virginity can be found,

وَلَكِنْ إِنْ ثَبَتَتْ صِحَّةُ التُّهْمَةِ، وَلَمْ تَكُنِ الْفَتَاةُ عَذْرَاءَ حَقّاً،

she shall be brought to the door of her father’s house and there the men of her town shall stone her to death. She has done an outrageous thing in Israel by being promiscuous while still in her father’s house. You must purge the evil from among you.

يُؤْتَى بِالْفَتَاةِ إِلَى بَابِ بَيْتِ أَبِيهَا وَيَرْجُمُهَا رِجَالُ مَدِينَتِهَا بِالْحِجَارَةِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ، لأَنَّهَا ارْتَكَبَتْ قَبَاحَةً فِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَزَنَتْ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهَا. وَبِذَلِكَ تَسْتَأْصِلُونَ الشَّرَّ مِنْ بَيْنِكُمْ.

If a man is found sleeping with another man’s wife, both the man who slept with her and the woman must die. You must purge the evil from Israel.

وَإذَا ضَبَطْتُمْ رَجُلاً مُضْطَجِعاً مَعَ امْرَأَةٍ مُتَزَوِّجَةٍ تَقْتُلُونَهُمَا كِلَيْهِمَا، فَتَنْزِعُونَ الشَّرَّ مِنْ وَسَطِكُمْ.

If a man happens to meet in a town a virgin pledged to be married and he sleeps with her,

وَإذَا الْتَقَى رَجُلٌ بِفَتَاةٍ مَخْطُوبَةٍ لِرَجُلٍ آخَرَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَضَاجَعَهَا،

you shall take both of them to the gate of that town and stone them to death—the young woman because she was in a town and did not scream for help, and the man because he violated another man’s wife. You must purge the evil from among you.

فَأَخْرِجُوهُمَا كِلَيْهِمَا إِلَى سَاحَةِ بَوَّابَةِ تِلْكَ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَارْجُمُوهُمَا بِالْحِجَارَةِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَا، لأَنَّ الْفَتَاةَ لَمْ تَسْتَغِثْ وَهِيَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ، وَالرَّجُلَ لأَنَّهُ اعْتَدَى عَلَى خَطِيبَةِ الرَّجُلِ الآخَرِ، فَتَسْتَأْصِلُونَ الشَّرَّ مِنْ وَسَطِكُمْ.

But if out in the country a man happens to meet a young woman pledged to be married and rapes her, only the man who has done this shall die.

وَلَكِنْ إِنِ الْتَقَى ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ بِالْفَتَاةِ الْمَخْطُوبَةِ فِي الْحَقْلِ، وَأَمْسَكَهَا وَضَاجَعَهَا، يُرْجَمُ الرَّجُلُ وَحْدَهُ وَيَمُوتُ،

Do nothing to the woman; she has committed no sin deserving death. This case is like that of someone who attacks and murders a neighbor,

وَأَمَّا الْفَتَاةُ فَلا تُرْجَمُ، لأَنَّهَا لَمْ تَرْتَكِبْ خَطِيئَةً جَزَاؤُهَا الْمَوْتُ، بَلْ تَكُونُ كَرَجُلٍ هَاجَمَهُ آخَرُ وَقَتَلَهُ،

for the man found the young woman out in the country, and though the betrothed woman screamed, there was no one to rescue her.

لأَنَّهُ لابُدَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْفَتَاةُ الْمَخْطُوبَةُ قَدِ اسْتَغَاثَتْ فِي الْخَلاءِ حَيْثُ وَجَدَهَا الرَّجُلُ، فَلَمْ يَأْتِ مَنْ يُنْقِذُهَا.

If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered,

وَإذَا وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ فَتَاةً عَذْرَاءَ غَيْرَ مَخْطُوبَةٍ فَأَمْسَكَهَا وَضَاجَعَهَا وَضُبِطَا مَعاً،

he shall pay her father fifty shekels^[c] of silver. He must marry the young woman, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.

يَدْفَعُ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي ضَاجَعَ الْفَتَاةَ خَمْسِينَ قِطْعَةً مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ وَيَتَزَوَّجُهَا، لأَنَّهُ قَدِ اعْتَدَى عَلَيْهَا. وَلا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا مَدَى حَيَاتِهِ.

A man is not to marry his father’s wife; he must not dishonor his father’s bed.^[d]

لَا يَتَزَوَّجْ أَحَدٌ أَرْمَلَةَ أَبِيهِ لأَنَّ هَذَا عَارٌ وَإِهَانَةٌ لأَبِيهِ.