1 Kings 7

It took Solomon thirteen years, however, to complete the construction of his palace.

وَبَنَى سُلَيْمَانُ قَصْرَهُ فِي ثَلاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً،

He built the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon a hundred cubits long, fifty wide and thirty high,^[a] with four rows of cedar columns supporting trimmed cedar beams.

وَشَيَّدَ أَيْضاً قَصْراً عَامّاً دَعَاهُ قَصْرَ غَابَةِ لُبْنَانَ. وَكَانَ طُولُهُ مِئَةَ ذِرَاعٍ (نَحْوَ خَمْسِينَ مِتْراً) وَعَرْضُهُ خَمْسِينَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِتْراً) وَارْتِفَاعُهُ ثَلاثِينَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِتْراً)، وَيَقُومُ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ صُفُوفٍ مِنْ أَعْمِدَةٍ مَصْنُوعَةٍ مِنْ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ، تَرْتَكِزُ عَلَيْهَا عَوَارِضُ خَشَبِيَّةٌ مُنَسَّقَةٌ مِنْ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ.

It was roofed with cedar above the beams that rested on the columns—forty-five beams, fifteen to a row.

وَامْتَدَّ سَقْفٌ مِنْ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ فَوْقَ هَذِهِ الْعَوَارِضِ الْمُنَسَّقَةِ البَّالِغَةِ خَمْساً وَأَرْبَعِينَ عَارِضَةً، قَائِمَةً عَلَى الأَعْمِدَةِ، وَقَدْ نُسِّقَتْ فِي صُفُوفٍ ثَلاثَةٍ، يَتَأَلَّفُ كُلُّ صَفٍّ مِنْهَا مِنْ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ عَارِضَةً.

Its windows were placed high in sets of three, facing each other.

وَتَتَكَوَّنُ السُّقُوفُ مِنْ ثَلاثِ طَبَقَاتٍ، لَهَا نَوَافِذُ مُتَقَابِلَةٌ فِي كُلِّ طَبَقَةٍ.

All the doorways had rectangular frames; they were in the front part in sets of three, facing each other.^[b]

وَكَانَ لِكُلِّ الْمَدَاخِلِ وَالنَّوافِذِ إِطَارَاتٌ مُرَبَّعَةُ الشَّكْلِ، كَمَا تَقَابَلَتْ كُلُّ نَافِذَةٍ مَعَ نَافِذَةٍ أُخْرَى، مُنَسَّقَةً فِي ثَلاثَةِ صُفُوفٍ.

He made a colonnade fifty cubits long and thirty wide.^[c] In front of it was a portico, and in front of that were pillars and an overhanging roof.

وَكَانَتْ هُنَاكَ قَاعَةٌ أُخْرَى اسْمُهَا «بَهْوُ الأَعْمِدَةِ» طُولُهَا خَمْسُونَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِتْراً) وَعرْضُهَا ثَلاثُونَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِتْراً) كَمَا بَنَى أَمَامَهَا شُرْفَةً تَقُومُ عَلَى أَعْمِدَةٍ مَسْقُوفَةٍ.

He built the throne hall, the Hall of Justice, where he was to judge, and he covered it with cedar from floor to ceiling.^[d]

وَكَذَلِكَ شَيَّدَ «قَاعَةَ الْعَرْشِ» أَوْ «بَهْوَ الْقَضَاءِ» وَغَشَّاهَا بِأَلْوَاحٍ مِنْ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ مِنَ الأَرْضِ إِلَى السَّقْفِ.

And the palace in which he was to live, set farther back, was similar in design. Solomon also made a palace like this hall for Pharaoh’s daughter, whom he had married.

أَمَّا بَيْتُهُ الَّذِي كَانَ يُقِيمُ فِيهِ فَكَانَ خَلْفَ «قَاعَةِ الْعَرْشِ» مُمَاثِلاً لَهَا فِي فَنِّ الْبِنَاءِ، كَمَا شَيَّدَ قَصْراً مُمَاثِلاً لِزَوْجَتِهِ ابْنَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ.

All these structures, from the outside to the great courtyard and from foundation to eaves, were made of blocks of high-grade stone cut to size and smoothed on their inner and outer faces.

وَقَدْ شُيِّدَتْ هَذِهِ جَمِيعاً مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ ضَخْمَةٍ رَفِيعَةِ الْمُسْتَوَى، قُطِعَتْ وَشُذِّبَتْ وُجُوهُهَا الدَّاخِلِيَّةُ وَالْخَارِجِيَّةُ بِمِنْشَارٍ وَفْقَ الْمَقَايِيسِ الْمَطْلُوبَةِ، وَاسْتُخْدِمَتْ مِنَ الأَسَاسِ إِلَى الإِفْرِيزِ وَمِنْ خَارِجٍ إِلَى الدَّارِ الْكَبِيرَةِ.

The foundations were laid with large stones of good quality, some measuring ten cubits^[e] and some eight.^[f]

وَكَانَتْ أَسَاسَاتُهَا مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ ضَخْمَةٍ رَفِيعَةِ الْمُسْتَوَى يَتَرَاوَحُ حَجْمُهَا مَا بَيْنَ ثَمَانِي إِلَى عَشْرِ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوِ أَرْبَعَةِ إِلَى خَمْسَةِ أَمْتَارٍ مُكَعَّبَةٍ).

Above were high-grade stones, cut to size, and cedar beams.

أَمَّا حِجَارَةُ جُدْرَانِ الْبِنَاءِ فَقَدْ قُطِعَتْ بِحَسَبِ مَقَايِيسَ مُعَيَّنَةٍ، وَكُسِيَتْ بِأَلْوَاحٍ مِنْ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ.

The great courtyard was surrounded by a wall of three courses of dressed stone and one course of trimmed cedar beams, as was the inner courtyard of the temple of the Lord with its portico.

The Temple’s Furnishings

وَتَكَوَّنَتْ جُدْرَانُ بَهْوِ الْقَضَاءِ مِنْ ثَلاثَةِ صُفُوفٍ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ الْمَنْحُوتَةِ وَصَفٍّ مِنْ عَوَارِضِ خَشَبِ الأَرْزِ، مُمَاثِلاً بِذَلِكَ رُوَاقَ بَيْتِ الرَّبِّ الدَّاخِلِيِّ وَبَهْوَ الْقَصْرِ.

أثاث الهيكل

King Solomon sent to Tyre and brought Huram,^[g]

وَاسْتَدْعَى الْمَلِكُ سُلَيْمَانُ رَجُلاً مِنْ صُورٍ يُدْعَى حِيرَامَ.

whose mother was a widow from the tribe of Naphtali and whose father was from Tyre and a skilled craftsman in bronze. Huram was filled with wisdom, with understanding and with knowledge to do all kinds of bronze work. He came to King Solomon and did all the work assigned to him.

كَانَ ابْناً لأَرْمَلَةٍ مِنْ سِبْطِ نَفْتَالِي، أَمَّا أَبُوهُ الْمُتَوَفَّى فَكَانَ مِنْ صُورَ يَعْمَلُ نَحَّاساً، وَقَدْ بَرَعَ حِيرَامُ فِي مِهْنَتِهِ وَأَتْقَنَهَا، فَانْخَرَطَ فِي خِدْمَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَأَنْجَزَ الأَعْمَالَ الَّتِي عَهِدَ بِها إِلَيْهِ.

He cast two bronze pillars, each eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference.^[h]

وَسَبَكَ حِيرَامُ عَمُودَيْنِ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ، طُولُ الْعَمُودِ الْوَاحِدِ ثَمَانِي عَشْرَةَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ تِسْعَةِ أَمْتَارٍ) وَمُحِيطُهُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ سِتَّةِ أَمْتَارٍ)، وَكَانَا أَجْوَفَيْنِ، سُمْكُ كُلٍّ مِنْهُمَا نَحْوَ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ.

He also made two capitals of cast bronze to set on the tops of the pillars; each capital was five cubits^[i] high.

وَصَنَعَ تَاجَيْنِ مِنَ النُّحَاسِ الْمَصْبُوبِ لِيَضَعَهُمَا عَلَى رَأْسَي عَمُودَي النُّحَاسِ. طُولُ التَّاجِ الْوَاحِدِ خَمْسُ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرَيْنِ وَنِصْفِ الْمِتْرِ)،

A network of interwoven chains adorned the capitals on top of the pillars, seven for each capital.

وَزَيَّنَ كُلَّ تَاجٍ مِنَ التَّاجَيْنِ الْمَوْضُوعَيْنِ عَلَى رَأْسَي الْعَمُودَيْنِ بِسَبْعِ نَوَافِذَ مِنْ شِبَاكٍ مَصْنُوعَةٍ مِنْ ضَفَائِرِ النُّحَاسِ.

He made pomegranates in two rows^[j] encircling each network to decorate the capitals on top of the pillars.^[k] He did the same for each capital.

وَسَبَكَ صَفَّيْنِ مِنَ الرُّمَّانِ حَوْلَ مُحِيطِ الْعَمُودَيْنِ عَلَى نَوَافِذِ الشَّبَكَتَيْنِ،

The capitals on top of the pillars in the portico were in the shape of lilies, four cubits^[l] high.

لِتَغْطِيةِ التَّاجَيْنِ اللَّذَانِ عَلَى رَأْسِي الْعَمُودَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ فِي الشُّرْفَةِ فَقَدْ كَانَا عَلَى شَكْلِ زَهْرَةِ السُّوسَنِّ، وَطُولُ كُلٍّ مِنْهُمَا أَرْبَعُ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرَيْنِ)،

On the capitals of both pillars, above the bowl-shaped part next to the network, were the two hundred pomegranates in rows all around.

وَكَانَ عَلَى كُلٍّ مِنَ التَّاجَيْنِ الْقَائِمَيْنِ عَلَى الْعَمُودَيْنِ، وَفَوْقَ الْقِمَّةِ الْمُسْتَدِيرَةِ الشَّبِيهَةِ بِالطَّاقَةِ وَالتَّالِيَةِ لِلشَّبَكَةِ مِئَتَا رُمَّانَةٍ، فِي صُفُوفٍ حَوْلَ مُحِيطِ كُلِّ تَاجٍ.

He erected the pillars at the portico of the temple. The pillar to the south he named Jakin^[m] and the one to the north Boaz.^[n]

وَنَصَبَ الْعَمُودَيْنِ فِي شُرْفَةِ الْهَيْكَلِ الْخَارِجِيَّةِ، أَحَدَهُمَا إِلَى الْيَمِينِ وَدَعَاهُ يَاكِينَ، وَالآخَرَ إِلَى الشِّمَالِ وَدَعَاهُ بُوعَزَ.

The capitals on top were in the shape of lilies. And so the work on the pillars was completed.

وَكَانَ التَّاجَانِ عَلَى شَكْلِ زَهْرَةِ السُّوسَنِّ. وَهَكَذَا اكْتَمَلَ صُنْعُ الْعَمُودَيْنِ.

He made the Sea of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits high. It took a line of thirty cubits^[o] to measure around it.

وَصَنَعَ حِيرَامُ بِرْكَةً مِنْ نُحَاسٍ وَجَعَلَهَا مُسْتَدِيرَةً، يَبْلُغُ طُولُ قُطْرِهَا مِنَ الْحَافَةِ إِلَى الْحَافَةِ عَشْرَ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةِ أَمْتَارٍ) وَارْتِفَاعُهَا خَمْسَ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرَيْنِ وَنِصْفِ الْمِتْرِ)، وَطُولُ مُحِيطِهَا ثَلاثِينَ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِتْراً)

Below the rim, gourds encircled it—ten to a cubit. The gourds were cast in two rows in one piece with the Sea.

وَسَبَكَ تَحْتَ اسْتِدَارَةِ مُحِيطِ حَافَتِهَا صَفَّيْنِ مِنَ الْقِثَّاءِ عَشْرِ قِثَّاءَاتٍ لِكُلِّ ذِرَاعٍ (نَحْوِ نِصْفِ الْمِتْرِ) وَقَدْ سُبِكَتْ كُلُّهَا، مَعَ الْحَافَةِ حِينَ تَمَّ سَبْكُ البِرْكَةِ.

The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east. The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center.

وَكَانَتِ البِرْكَةُ تَرْتَكِزُ عَلَى اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ ثَوْراً تَتَّجِهُ رُؤُوسُ ثَلاثَةٍ مِنْهَا نَحْوَ الشِّمَالِ، وَثَلاثَةٍ مِنْهَا نَحْوَ الْغَرْبِ، وَثَلاثَةٍ مِنْهَا نَحْوَ الْجَنُوبِ، والثَّلاثَةِ الأَخِيرَةِ نَحْوَ الشَّرْقِ. أَمَّا أَعْجَازُهَا جَمِيعاً فَكَانَتْ مُتَّجِهَةً نَحْوَ الدَّاخِلِ، وَنُصِبَتِ الْبِرْكَةُ عَلَيْهَا.

It was a handbreadth^[p] in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held two thousand baths.^[q]

وَبَلَغَ سُمْكُ جِدَارِ الْبِرْكَةِ شِبْراً، وَصُنِعَتْ حَافَّتُهَا عَلَى شَكْلِ كَأْسِ زَهْرِ السُّوسَنِّ، وَهِيَ تَسَعُ أَلْفَيْ بَثٍّ (نَحْوَ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً وَخَمْسِ مِئَةِ جَالُونٍ مِنَ الْمَاءِ).

He also made ten movable stands of bronze; each was four cubits long, four wide and three high.^[r]

وَصَنَعَ حِيرَامُ أَيْضاً عَشَرَ قَوَاعِدَ مُتَحَرِّكَةٍ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ، طُولُ كُلٍّ مِنْهَا وَعَرْضُهَا أَرْبَعُ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرَيْنِ)، وَارْتِفَاعُهَا ثَلاثُ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرٍ وَنِصْفٍ).

This is how the stands were made: They had side panels attached to uprights.

وَهَذِهِ هِيَ كَيْفِيَّةُ صُنْعِهَا: كَانَ لَهَا أَتْرَاسٌ مُثَبَّتَةٌ فِي وَسْطِ أُطُرٍ،

On the panels between the uprights were lions, bulls and cherubim—and on the uprights as well. Above and below the lions and bulls were wreaths of hammered work.

وَطَرَقَ عَلَى الأَتْرَاسِ الَّتِي فِي وَسْطِ الأُطُرِ وَعَلَى الأُطُرِ، أُسُوداً وَثِيرَاناً وَكَرُوبِيمَ. كَمَا تَدَلَّتْ قَلائِدُ زُهُورٍ مِنْ فَوْقِ الأُسُودِ وَالثِّيرَانِ وَمِنْ تَحْتِهَا.

Each stand had four bronze wheels with bronze axles, and each had a basin resting on four supports, cast with wreaths on each side.

وَكَانَ لِكُلِّ قَاعِدَةٍ أَرْبَعُ بَكَرَاتٍ نُحَاسِيَّةٍ ذَاتِ مَحَاوِرَ نُحَاسِيَّةٍ، وَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهَا أَكْتَافٌ لِزَوَايَاهَا الأَرْبَعِ. وَهَذِهِ الأَكْتَافُ مَسْبُوكَةٌ تَحْتَ الْمِرْحَضَةِ بِجُوَارِ كُلِّ قَلادَةٍ.

On the inside of the stand there was an opening that had a circular frame one cubit^[s] deep. This opening was round, and with its basework it measured a cubit and a half.^[t] Around its opening there was engraving. The panels of the stands were square, not round.

أَمَّا فَمُهَا فَهُوَ دَاخِلُ إِكْلِيلٍ، وَيَبْلُغُ ارْتِفَاعُهُ ذِرَاعاً (نَحْوَ نِصْفِ الْمِتْرِ)، وَهُوَ مُسْتَدِيرٌ مُمَاثِلٌ لِلْقَاعِدَةِ، يَبْلُغُ عُمْقُهُ ذِرَاعاً وَنِصْفَ ذِرَاعٍ (نَحْوَ ثَلاثَةِ أَرْبَاعِ الْمِتْرِ)، وَقَدْ نُقِشَتْ عَلَيْهِ نُقُوشٌ. أَمَّا أَتْرَاسُهَا فَمُرَبَّعَةُ الشَّكْلِ وَلَيْسَتْ مُسْتَدِيرَةً.

The four wheels were under the panels, and the axles of the wheels were attached to the stand. The diameter of each wheel was a cubit and a half.

وَتَقَعُ الْبَكَرَاتُ تَحْتَ الأَتْرَاسِ، فِي حِين أُثْبِتَتْ مَحَاوِرُهَا فِي الْقَاعِدَةِ. وَكَانَ قُطْرُ الْبَكَرَةِ ذِرَاعاً وَنِصْفَ ذِرَاعٍ (نَحْوَ ثَلاثَةِ أَرْبَاعِ الْمِتْرِ).

The wheels were made like chariot wheels; the axles, rims, spokes and hubs were all of cast metal.

وَصُنِعَتِ الْبَكَرَاتُ عَلَى مِثَالِ عَجَلاتِ الْمَرْكَبَاتِ. أَمَّا مَحَاوِرُهَا وَأُطُرُهَا وَقُضْبَانُهَا وَقُبُوبُهَا فَقَدْ كَانَتْ كُلُّهَا مَسْبُوكَةً.

Each stand had four handles, one on each corner, projecting from the stand.

وَكَانَ لِكُلِّ قَاعِدَةٍ أَكْتَافٌ أَرْبَعٌ، هِيَ جُزْءٌ مِنَ الْقَاعِدَةِ، قَائِمَةٌ عَلَى زَوَايَاهَا الأَرْبَعِ.

At the top of the stand there was a circular band half a cubit^[u] deep. The supports and panels were attached to the top of the stand.

وَأَعْلَى الْقَاعِدَةِ مُقَبَّبٌ مُسْتَدِيرٌ يَبْلُغُ عُمْقُهُ نِصْفَ ذِرَاعٍ (نَحْوَ رُبْعِ الْمِتْرِ)، وَقَدْ سُبِكَتْ دَعَائِمُهُ وَأَتْرَاسُهُ مَعَ الْقَاعِدَةِ.

He engraved cherubim, lions and palm trees on the surfaces of the supports and on the panels, in every available space, with wreaths all around.

وَتَمَّ نَقْشُ كَرُوبِيمَ وَأُسُودٍ وَنَخِيلٍ، مَعَ قَلائِدِ زُهُورٍ، عَلَى جَوَانِبِ الدَّعَائِمِ وَالأَتْرَاسِ، وَفِي كُلِّ مَكَانٍ يَتَّسِعُ لِلنَّقْشِ.

This is the way he made the ten stands. They were all cast in the same molds and were identical in size and shape.

هَكَذَا صَنَعَ حِيرَامُ الْقَوَاعِدَ الْعَشْرَ، فَكَانَتْ كُلُّهَا مُتَمَاثِلَةً فِي السَّبْكِ وَالْقِيَاسِ وَالشَّكْلِ.

He then made ten bronze basins, each holding forty baths^[v] and measuring four cubits across, one basin to go on each of the ten stands.

وَصَنَعَ حِيرَامُ أَيْضاً عَشْرَةَ مَرَاحِضَ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ تَسَعُ كُلُّ مِرْحَضَةٍ أَرْبَعِينَ بَثّاً (نَحْوَ مِئَتَيْنِ وَثَلاثِينَ جَالُوناً مِنَ الْمَاءِ)، قُطْرُ كُلٍّ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُ أَذْرُعٍ (نَحْوَ مِتْرَيْنِ). فَكَانَ لِكُلِّ قَاعِدَةٍ مِنَ الْقَوَاعِدِ الْعَشَرِ مِرْحَضَةٌ.

He placed five of the stands on the south side of the temple and five on the north. He placed the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner of the temple.

وَأَقَامَ خَمْسَ قَوَاعِدَ عَلَى جَانِبِ الْهَيْكَلِ الأَيْمَنِ، وَخَمْساً عَلَى جَانِبِ الْهَيْكَلِ الأَيْسَرِ، أَمَّا الْبِرْكَةُ فَكَانَتْ فِي الرُّكْنِ الْجَنُوبِيِّ الشَّرْقِيِّ مِنَ الْهَيْكَلِ.

He also made the pots^[w] and shovels and sprinkling bowls.

So Huram finished all the work he had undertaken for King Solomon in the temple of the Lord:

وَالْقُدُورِ وَالْمَجَارِفِ وَالْكُؤوسِ. وَقَدْ صَنَعَ حِيرَامُ مِنَ النُّحَاسِ الْمَصْقُولِ، جَمِيعَ هَذِهِ الآنِيَةِ الَّتِي عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ بِها الْمَلِكُ سُلَيْمَانُ لِهَيْكَلِ الرَّبِّ.

The king had them cast in clay molds in the plain of the Jordan between Sukkoth and Zarethan.

وَقَدْ أَمَرَ الْمَلِكُ بِسَبْكِهَا فِي غَوْرِ الأُرْدُنِّ، فِي أَرْضِ الْخَزَفِ، بَيْنَ سُكُّوتَ وَصَرَتَانَ.

Solomon left all these things unweighed, because there were so many; the weight of the bronze was not determined.

وَلَمْ يُحَاوِلْ سُلَيْمَانُ وَزْنَ جَمِيعِ هَذِهِ الآنِيَةِ لِفَرْطِ كَثْرَتِهَا، حَتَّى لَمْ يَتِمَّ التَّحَقُّقُ مِنْ وَزْنِ النُّحَاسِ.

Solomon also made all the furnishings that were in the Lord’s temple:

وَصُنِعَتِ الطُّسُوسُ وَالْمَقَصَّاتُ وَالْمَنَاضِحُ وَالْمَرَاحِضُ وَالْمَجَامِرُ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ نَقِيٍّ، كَمَا صُنِعَتْ مَفْصِلاتُ مَصَارِيعِ قُدْسِ الأَقْدَاسِ وَأَبْوَابِ الْهَيْكَلِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ.

When all the work King Solomon had done for the temple of the Lord was finished, he brought in the things his father David had dedicated—the silver and gold and the furnishings—and he placed them in the treasuries of the Lord’s temple.

وَهَكَذَا اكْتَمَلَ الْعَمَلُ كُلُّهُ الَّذِي قَامَ بِهِ الْمَلِكُ سُلَيْمَانُ لِتَشْيِيدِ هَيْكَلِ الرَّبِّ، وَأَخَذَ سُلَيْمَانُ مُدَّخَرَاتِ أَبِيهِ دَاوُدَ، مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَذَهَبٍ وَأَوَانٍ، الَّتِي كَرَّسَهَا لِهَيْكَلِ الرَّبِّ، وَوَضَعَهَا فِي خَزَائِنِ الْهَيْكَلِ.